Horror is a very specific genre that calls for some unique lighting
techniques. These five cinematography tips will make just about any
horror film more stylized and effective.
Horror films are all about tone, texture, and mood.
Unlike many other genres that rely more heavily on other elements
(dialogue, plot points, etc.), great horror films are all about style.
That’s not to imply that a great horror film shouldn’t also have excellent dialogue and a great plot, but rather that those elements often take a back seat to the immersive mood and experience that a great horror film delivers.
The two most important elements in creating that mood are
sound design and cinematography,
the latter being what we’re going to focus on here. Unlike lighting a
comedy or drama, more rules can often be broken when shooting a horror
film, and in many cases that translates to a more effective final
product.
If you plan on shooting some horror material in the future, then this article is for you. The five cinematography tips listed below will serve as some fundamental guidelines that you can follow throughout your time on set:
1. Shoot Through Things
Some horror filmmakers are drawn to
extreme closeups,
but in my opinion doing the exact opposite is far more effective.
Rather than always filling up your frame with your actors faces (just
because it looks intense), challenge yourself to go wider.
Imagine a scene where an actor is sitting alone in their kitchen. An
extreme closeup on their face may show us some added emotion, but a wide
shot taken from outside the house (looking in) could be far more
powerful. Not only are you
showing the isolation of the character,
but you’re also creating a voyeuristic and unsettling feeling by
shooting through a pane of glass, which is a technique that can be very
effective under the right conditions.
2. Underexpose
As DPs, we have it drilled in our heads to always expose perfectly.
We have more tools than ever (both in camera and otherwise) that enable
us to nail our exposure. Though, in some cases, that isn’t what’s going to serve the story most effectively. On a horror film, underexposing can be extremely effective as it’ll leave more areas of the frame in the shadows and create a more mysterious feeling.
Although you could technically expose normally and just color grade your footage to darken it in post, the end result won’t be quite the same. You want to actually light your scene in a way that feels organically underexposed,
and bring that out even more in the grade. Don’t push things too far
though, or you won’t be able to bump it back up in post if needed. About
a stop of underexposure is all you need to set the tone.
3. Use Haze
Using a tasteful amount of haze (or fog) can add a lot of texture to your scene.
This is one of the oldest tricks in the book, but it’s still used on
nearly every set (and for good reason). There’s absolutely no substitute
for the look and feel that haze can bring to your scene, and it’s
especially effective when it comes to the horror genre.
Use a hazer or fog machine to add just a touch of
haze to your scene, and be sure not to go overboard. A little bit of
haze will go a long way, and much like underexposing, it can really help
to
set a unique and mysterious mood to your scenes.
4.Don’t Be Afraid of Colored Gels
I almost always avoid using colored gels when shooting, unless I’m
using them to correct the color temperature of a light (for example,
balancing tungsten to daylight). That said, if I’m ever going to use
them, it’s on a horror film, as that’s one of the only genres where I
feel they can work exceptionally well.
Red gels in particular can be really effective for horror,
as the color red can inherently make your viewers feel unnerved. Avoid
using colored gels in the way that a photographer might (such as on the
rim light) and instead use them on your key. Let’s say you’ve got a
scene that takes place in a dark hallway of a club. If your key light
has a red gel on it, it will bleed over the faces of your actors and
create a really stylized look.
Again, know when to use this and when not to. If you mix colored gels
with regular lighting (or natural light) you may just wind up with a
strange looking image.
5. Find Unique Angles
The most obvious example of a unique angle that works well for horror is the
dutch tilt,
though just about any unconventional angle can help play into the vibe
of your film. Much like the other tips on this list, you want to use
your camera angles to
create an unsettling feeling within the viewer, and the best way to do that is to create an image that looks off balance. That’s why the dutch tilt works so well.
Other examples would be a bird’s eye view or a very low angle shot
looking up. Both of these are unique perspectives that we rarely see on
film, and can really help to
jolt the audience into the
headspace of the characters. Always be sure that whatever extreme
camera angle you’re going for still suits your scene, as the last thing
you want is to stylize a scene or moment in a way that isn’t true to the
story.
Written by Noam Kroll
Noam Kroll is an award-winning filmmaker based in LA. He is the owner of Creative Rebellion, a boutique production company.
In a decade of work in the entertainment industry, Noam has completed
over a hundred productions, broadcasts, and commercial works. His hands
on directing approach often has him serving as cinematographer and
editor on his own projects, many of which have screened and been awarded
internationally.
His diverse filmmaking background led him to develop many new and
innovative techniques, which he regularly shares on his blog at
www.noamkroll.com.
